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Ingaruka z'imiti irinda izuba ni izihe kandi wayikoresha neza? Ni gute wahitamo imiti irinda izuba ikubereye?
2024-05-28
Ishyirwa mu byiciro ry'imiti irinda izuba
Indabyo zo kwisiga ku zuba bivuga amavuta yo kwisiga yongeweho imiti irinda izuba ishobora kuziba cyangwa gukurura imirasire ya ultraviolet kugira ngo uruhu rutishyuha cyangwa rutishyuhe. Dukurikije ihame ryo kurinda izuba, indabyo zo kwisiga zishobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri: indabyo zo kwisiga ku zuba n'indabyo zo kwisiga ku zuba.
Indabyo zirinda izuba ku mubiri
Indabyo zo kwisiga izuba, nk'uko izina ribivuga, zikoresha amahame ya fiziki. Uduce twa atome tw'iyi ndabyo zo kwisiga izuba tuba dufite ishusho nk'iy'uduce duto. Iyo zishyizwe mu maso, zigira ishusho nk'indorerwamo, zigaragaza urumuri rw'izuba kugira ngo zigere ku ntego yo kurinda izuba. Dioxyde titanium na oxyde zinc byombi ni ibikoresho byo kwisiga izuba. Bishobora gukora agahu gakingira uruhu kugira ngo imirasire ya ultraviolet idashobora kwinjira mu ruhu. Byombi bishobora gutanga uburinzi bwuzuye bwa UVB, muri byo harimo oxyde zinc ishobora kuziba UVA neza. Ibintu bisanzwe byo kwisiga izuba ni umweru kandi bivanze n'umusemburo, kandi bigahinduka ubururu iyo bishyizwe mu mazi. Ariko, ubu bwoko bw'umuti bufite imbogamizi zimwe na zimwe: ku bantu bafite uruhu rwijimye, ingaruka zo kwisiga zishobora kuba atari karemano; ku bantu bafite uruhu rwumye, ntabwo rutanga ubushyuhe buhagije; ntirukwiriye kwisiga izuba ry'umubiri wose; ibikoresho byo kwisiga bigomba gukoreshwa kugira ngo bifashe kubikuraho bisukuye, nibindi.
imiti irinda izuba
Indabyo zo kwisiga izuba hakoreshejwe imiti ni ugukoresha ibintu bigize imiti kugira ngo birinde izuba. Ubu bwoko bw'indabyo zo kwisiga izuba bukoresha ihame ryo kwisiga izuba kugira ngo burinde izuba. Ni ikintu gitanga urumuri gishobora kwinjiza imirasire ya ultraviolet kikayihinduramo ingufu za molekile cyangwa ingufu z'ubushyuhe kugira ngo kigere ku ngaruka zo kurinda izuba, nka aside amine. Aside Benzoic n'ibiyikomokaho, aside cinnamic, nibindi. Iyo ikoreshejwe ku maso, atome zifata urumuri kugira ngo zitagera ku ruhu. Mu by'ukuri, indabyo zo kwisiga izuba ziruta indabyo zo kwisiga, ariko ubu inyinshi muri zo ziri ku isoko ni indabyo zo kwisiga izuba.
Ishyirwa mu byiciro ry'imiti irinda izuba
Indabyo zo kwisiga ku zuba bivuga amavuta yo kwisiga yongeweho imiti irinda izuba ishobora kuziba cyangwa gukurura imirasire ya ultraviolet kugira ngo uruhu rutishyuha cyangwa rutishyuhe. Dukurikije ihame ryo kurinda izuba, indabyo zo kwisiga zishobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri: indabyo zo kwisiga ku zuba n'indabyo zo kwisiga ku zuba.
Indabyo zirinda izuba ku mubiri
Indabyo zo kwisiga izuba, nk'uko izina ribivuga, zikoresha amahame ya fiziki. Uduce twa atome tw'iyi ndabyo zo kwisiga izuba tuba dufite ishusho nk'iy'uduce duto. Iyo zishyizwe mu maso, zigira ishusho nk'indorerwamo, zigaragaza urumuri rw'izuba kugira ngo zigere ku ntego yo kurinda izuba. Dioxyde titanium na oxyde zinc byombi ni ibikoresho byo kwisiga izuba. Bishobora gukora agahu gakingira uruhu kugira ngo imirasire ya ultraviolet idashobora kwinjira mu ruhu. Byombi bishobora gutanga uburinzi bwuzuye bwa UVB, muri byo harimo oxyde zinc ishobora kuziba UVA neza. Ibintu bisanzwe byo kwisiga izuba ni umweru kandi bivanze n'umusemburo, kandi bigahinduka ubururu iyo bishyizwe mu mazi. Ariko, ubu bwoko bw'umuti bufite imbogamizi zimwe na zimwe: ku bantu bafite uruhu rwijimye, ingaruka zo kwisiga zishobora kuba atari karemano; ku bantu bafite uruhu rwumye, ntabwo rutanga ubushyuhe buhagije; ntirukwiriye kwisiga izuba ry'umubiri wose; ibikoresho byo kwisiga bigomba gukoreshwa kugira ngo bifashe kubikuraho bisukuye, nibindi.
imiti irinda izuba
Indabyo zo kwisiga izuba hakoreshejwe imiti ni ugukoresha ibintu bigize imiti kugira ngo birinde izuba. Ubu bwoko bw'indabyo zo kwisiga izuba bukoresha ihame ryo kwisiga izuba kugira ngo burinde izuba. Ni ikintu gitanga urumuri gishobora kwinjiza imirasire ya ultraviolet kikayihinduramo ingufu za molekile cyangwa ingufu z'ubushyuhe kugira ngo kigere ku ngaruka zo kurinda izuba, nka aside amine. Aside Benzoic n'ibiyikomokaho, aside cinnamic, nibindi. Iyo ikoreshejwe ku maso, atome zifata urumuri kugira ngo zitagera ku ruhu. Mu by'ukuri, indabyo zo kwisiga izuba ziruta indabyo zo kwisiga, ariko ubu inyinshi muri zo ziri ku isoko ni indabyo zo kwisiga izuba.
Amabwiriza yo kwirinda gukoresha imiti irinda izuba
1. Agace gakoreshwamo
Mu gihe wisiga amavuta yo kwisiga izuba, ntukirengagize ijosi, ku kananwa, mu matwi no mu tundi duce kugira ngo wirinde uruhu rwawe rutangana.
2. Ibikoresho byo gusukura
Menya neza ko ukuyeho burundu amavuta akingira izuba buri joro, bityo ntukaruhuke ngo uryame uyambaye.
3. Koresha ingano ihagije
Indabyo zo kwisiga ku zuba ntizigira ingaruka nziza iyo uzishyizeho gusa, ahubwo zigomba kugera ku rugero runaka kugira ngo zigire ingaruka nziza. Ubusanzwe, ingano y'indabyo zo kwisiga ku ruhu ni 2 mg kuri santimetero kare imwe kugira ngo ugere ku ngaruka nziza zo kurinda izuba. Icyitonderwa ni uko agaciro ka SPF kadashobora kwegeranywa. Gukoresha indabyo zo kwisiga ku ruhu ku byiciro bibiri bya SPF10 bizagira ingaruka zo kurinda gusa urwego rumwe rwa SPF10.
4. Ntukavange imiti irinda izuba ituruka ku bicuruzwa bitandukanye
Gukoresha imiti ivangavanze bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara uruhu. Ibintu bigize imiti irinda izuba yo mu bwoko butandukanye ntibihuza. Iyo bivanze kandi bivanze ku ruhu, ibintu bishobora kubangamirana cyangwa bigatandukanya, bikagabanya ingaruka z'imiti irinda izuba, ndetse bigatera ubwivumbure ku ruhu.
5. Witondere kuzigama
Indabyo zo kwisiga ku zuba zishobora kudakora neza iyo zishyizwe mu bushyuhe cyangwa ku zuba ryinshi igihe kirekire. Ntugakoreshe amavuta yo kwisiga yangiritse kuko agabanya gusa ingaruka z'indabyo zo kwisiga ku zuba ahubwo anashobora gukurura uruhu.
6. Itondere ahantu hadasobanutse harinda izuba
Mu gihe ukoresha amavuta asanzwe yo kwisiga ku ruhu, ugomba kandi kwitondera uruhu rw'amaso yawe n'iminwa yawe. Ariko, niba nta mabwiriza atanzwe, cyangwa niba ukoresha imiti yo kwisiga ku ruhu ku maso, ntuyikoreshe ku ruhu rukikije amaso.
Ubwoko butandukanye bw'uruhu, uburyo butandukanye bwo kugura
Mu mpeshyi, imiterere y'uruhu izahinduka bitewe n'itandukaniro ry'amavuta asohoka. Kubwibyo, abantu bagomba gukora ikindi kizamini cy'uruhu neza mbere yo kugura. Uruhu rufite amavuta rugomba guhitamo ibikoresho bikoresha izuba biva mu mazi kandi byinjira cyane; uruhu rwumye rugomba guhitamo ibikoresho bikoresha izuba biva mu bwoko bwa cream; muri rusange nta mategeko akaze agenga uruhu rudafite aho rubogamiye, kandi uruhu rufite amavuta akoreshwa mu bwoko bwa emulsion rukwiriye ubwoko bwose bw'uruhu. Ubwoko butandukanye bw'uruhu rugomba guhitamo ibikoresho bitandukanye bikoresha izuba biva mu bwoko butandukanye.
Uruhu rufite amavuta:
Ugomba guhitamo amavuta yo kwisiga akozwe mu mazi, adafite amavuta, afite imbaraga nyinshi zo kwinjira, aroroshya kandi nta mavuta akoreshwa kandi ntaziba imyenge. Ntukigere ukoresha amavuta yo kwisiga akozwe mu ruhu, kandi witondere ibikoresho byo kwisiga akozwe mu ruhu.
Uruhu rumeze nk'ibiheri:
Hitamo amavuta yo kwisiga asukura izuba akozwe mu mazi kandi adafite amavuta, afite imbaraga nyinshi zo kwinjira. Iyo ibiheri bikomeye, ugomba kureka gukoresha asukura izuba, kandi ushobora gukoresha uburyo bwo kwisiga gusa iyo ugiye hanze.
Uruhu rwumye:
Abantu bafite uruhu rwumye bagomba guhitamo imiti irinda izuba ikoresheje imiterere yaryo kandi yongerera ubwiza bw'uruhu imbaraga kandi ikongera ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Imiti myinshi irinda izuba yongera ubwiza bw'uruhu n'irwanya ogisijeni hamwe no kurinda izuba.
Uruhu rworoshye:
Ku ruhu rworoshye, ni byiza guhitamo amavuta yo kwisiga akingira izuba yagenewe uruhu rworoshye cyangwa ay’uruhu rworoshye.
SPF
Muri iki gihe, ibikoresho byose bikingira izuba byanditseho SPF. SPF n'imibare ikurikira bigaragaza uburyo iki gicuruzwa gifite kirengera izuba. Abaguzi bashobora guhindura agaciro ka SPF k'ikingira izuba bagomba kugura ubwabo. Abantu benshi bareba agaciro ka SPF nk'ikimenyetso nyamukuru cy'ikingira izuba. SPF ni incamake y'icyongereza ya SUN proteetion Factor. Ibi bigaragaza uburyo irinda izuba rishobora kuba riri hejuru cyangwa hasi mu gukumira irinda izuba. Ikimenyetso cya SPF: SPF = igipimo gito cya erythema (nyuma yo gukoresha ibikoresho bikingira izuba) )/igipimo gito cya erythema (mbere yo gukoresha irinda izuba).
Urugero, niba uruhu rwawe rufite nibura iminota 15 y'umuti wo kwisiga ukoresheje SPF 4, ushobora kuguma ku zuba inshuro 4 z'igihe kirekire, ni ukuvuga iminota 60. Nyuma y'iminota 60, uruhu rwawe ruzahinduka umutuku. Niba ukoresha SPF8, ushobora kuguma ku zuba inshuro 8, ni ukuvuga iminota 120, n'ibindi.
Muri rusange, uko SPF ingana ni ko irushaho kuba nziza, ni ko uburinzi butangwa. Mu bihe bisanzwe, abantu bafite uruhu rusanzwe bagomba gukoresha imiti irinda izuba irimo SPF 8 kugeza 12; abafite uruhu rwiza bagomba gukoresha SPF 30; abafite ubushobozi bwo kwisiga ku zuba bagomba guhitamo imiti irinda izuba ifite agaciro ka SPF hagati ya 12 na 20. Abakozi bo mu biro bakorana n'izuba gusa iyo bagiye cyangwa bavuye ku kazi, bityo SPF igomba kuba munsi ya 15. Ku bakerarugendo bakora ibikorwa byo hanze, ni byiza gukoresha imiti irinda izuba irimo SPF20 cyangwa irenga. Mu gihe ukora siporo ku zuba rikaze ku misozi cyangwa woga ku mucanga, ugomba gukoresha imiti irinda izuba ya SPF30. Ni byiza guhitamo imiti irinda izuba idapfa gukoreshwa iyo woga hanze, ariko usibye koga, imiti irinda izuba idapfa gukoreshwa igomba gukoreshwa gake.
Amabwiriza yo kwirinda mu gihe uguze
1. Ikizamini cy'uruhu
Ni byiza gukora isuzuma ry’uruhu neza mbere yo kugura amavuta akingira izuba. Uruhu rufite amavuta rugomba guhitamo amavuta akingira izuba arimo amazi kandi yinjira cyane; uruhu rwumye rugomba guhitamo amavuta akingira izuba arimo amavuta; uruhu rwo hagati muri rusange nta byangombwa bikomeye rufite, kandi amavuta akingira izuba yo mu bwoko bwa emulsion akwiriye ubwoko bwose bw’uruhu.
2. Kubara agaciro ka SPF
Muri rusange, uko igipimo cya SPF kiri hejuru, niko igihe cyo kurinda gitangwa kiba kirekire.
3. Sobanukirwa amatsinda akwiriye imiti itandukanye yo kwisiga izuba
Imiti itandukanye irinda izuba ikwiriye abantu batandukanye. Uburyo bwiza ni ukugerageza imbere mu kuboko kwawe mbere yo kugura. Iyo uruhu ruhindutse umutuku, rukabyimba, rukababara, cyangwa rukaryana mu minota 10, bivuze ko ufite ubwivumbure kuri uwo muti. Ushobora kugerageza umuti ufite SPF iri munsi y’iyi inshuro imwe. Niba hakiri ubwivumbure, ni byiza kureka uwo muti w’ubwivumbure.
4. Gupima ubuziranenge bw'uruhu
Bitewe n'itandukaniro ry'amavuta asohoka, ubwiza bw'uruhu burahinduka, bityo hagomba gukorwa isuzuma ry'ubwiza bw'uruhu. Uruhu rufite amavuta rugomba guhitamo ifuro risukura rifite imbaraga zo gusukura cyane n'ibikomoka ku ruhu bikoresha amazi kandi byinjira cyane; uruhu rwumye rugomba guhitamo imisatsi isukura irimo amata n'ibikomoka ku ruhu bisukura; uruhu rudafite uruhu rufite amahitamo menshi. Amavuta yo kwisiga n'ay'isukura akoreshwa mu kwisiga akwiriye ubwoko bwose bw'uruhu.