Cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub muaj cov teebmeem dab tsi thiab yuav siv nws li cas kom raug? Yuav ua li cas xaiv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas haum rau koj?
2024-05-28
Kev faib tawm ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub
Tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub yog hais txog cov tshuaj pleev ib ce uas muaj cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas tuaj yeem thaiv lossis nqus cov teeb ci ultraviolet kom tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij kom tsis txhob tawv nqaij dub thiab kub hnyiab. Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv hnub, tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub muaj peev xwm muab faib ua cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub lub cev thiab cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tshuaj lom neeg.
Tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub
Cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas siv lub cev, raws li lub npe qhia, siv cov ntsiab cai ntawm physics. Cov khoom me me ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub no zoo li cov nplais. Thaum nthuav rau ntawm lub ntsej muag, lawv ua haujlwm zoo li daim iav, cuam tshuam lub hnub ci kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub hnub. Titanium dioxide thiab zinc oxide yog ob qho tib si cov khoom xyaw tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas siv lub cev. Lawv tuaj yeem tsim ib daim zaj duab xis tiv thaiv ntawm daim tawv nqaij kom cov duab ultraviolet tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Ob qho tib si tuaj yeem muab kev tiv thaiv UVB tag nrho, ntawm cov zinc oxide tuaj yeem thaiv UVA zoo dua. Cov khoom xyaw tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub feem ntau yog dawb thiab nplaum, thiab hloov xiav thaum raug dej. Txawm li cas los xij, hom khoom no kuj muaj qee qhov kev txwv: rau cov neeg uas muaj daim tawv nqaij tsaus dua, qhov cuam tshuam ci ntsa iab yuav tsis yog ntuj; rau cov neeg uas muaj daim tawv nqaij qhuav dua, nws tsis noo txaus; nws tsis haum rau tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tag nrho lub cev; cov tshuaj tshem pleev yuav tsum siv los pab tshem nws kom huv, thiab lwm yam.
tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub
Tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub yog siv cov khoom xyaw tshuaj los tiv thaiv lub hnub. Hom tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub no siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev nqus los tiv thaiv lub hnub. Nws yog ib yam khoom xa lub teeb uas tuaj yeem nqus cov teeb ultraviolet thiab hloov lawv mus rau hauv lub zog molecular vibration lossis lub zog cua sov kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub hnub, xws li amino acids. Benzoic acid thiab nws cov derivatives, cinnamic acid, thiab lwm yam. Thaum siv rau ntawm lub ntsej muag, cov atoms nqus lub hnub kom tiv thaiv nws kom tsis txhob ncav cuag daim tawv nqaij. Hauv kev xav, tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub lub cev zoo dua li tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub, tab sis tam sim no feem ntau ntawm lawv hauv khw yog tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub.
Kev faib tawm ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub
Tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub yog hais txog cov tshuaj pleev ib ce uas muaj cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas tuaj yeem thaiv lossis nqus cov teeb ci ultraviolet kom tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij kom tsis txhob tawv nqaij dub thiab kub hnyiab. Raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv hnub, tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub muaj peev xwm muab faib ua cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub lub cev thiab cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tshuaj lom neeg.
Tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub
Cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas siv lub cev, raws li lub npe qhia, siv cov ntsiab cai ntawm physics. Cov khoom me me ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub no zoo li cov nplais. Thaum nthuav rau ntawm lub ntsej muag, lawv ua haujlwm zoo li daim iav, cuam tshuam lub hnub ci kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub hnub. Titanium dioxide thiab zinc oxide yog ob qho tib si cov khoom xyaw tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas siv lub cev. Lawv tuaj yeem tsim ib daim zaj duab xis tiv thaiv ntawm daim tawv nqaij kom cov duab ultraviolet tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Ob qho tib si tuaj yeem muab kev tiv thaiv UVB tag nrho, ntawm cov zinc oxide tuaj yeem thaiv UVA zoo dua. Cov khoom xyaw tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub feem ntau yog dawb thiab nplaum, thiab hloov xiav thaum raug dej. Txawm li cas los xij, hom khoom no kuj muaj qee qhov kev txwv: rau cov neeg uas muaj daim tawv nqaij tsaus dua, qhov cuam tshuam ci ntsa iab yuav tsis yog ntuj; rau cov neeg uas muaj daim tawv nqaij qhuav dua, nws tsis noo txaus; nws tsis haum rau tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tag nrho lub cev; cov tshuaj tshem pleev yuav tsum siv los pab tshem nws kom huv, thiab lwm yam.
tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub
Tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub yog siv cov khoom xyaw tshuaj los tiv thaiv lub hnub. Hom tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub no siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev nqus los tiv thaiv lub hnub. Nws yog ib yam khoom xa lub teeb uas tuaj yeem nqus cov teeb ultraviolet thiab hloov lawv mus rau hauv lub zog molecular vibration lossis lub zog cua sov kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub hnub, xws li amino acids. Benzoic acid thiab nws cov derivatives, cinnamic acid, thiab lwm yam. Thaum siv rau ntawm lub ntsej muag, cov atoms nqus lub hnub kom tiv thaiv nws kom tsis txhob ncav cuag daim tawv nqaij. Hauv kev xav, tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub lub cev zoo dua li tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub, tab sis tam sim no feem ntau ntawm lawv hauv khw yog tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub.
Cov kev ceev faj rau kev siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub
1. Thaj chaw thov
Thaum siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub, tsis txhob tso tseg koj lub caj dab, lub puab tsaig, pob ntseg thiab lwm qhov chaw kom tsis txhob muaj xim tawv nqaij tsis sib npaug.
2. Cov khoom siv ntxuav
Nco ntsoov tshem cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub kom huv si txhua hmo, yog li ntawd tsis txhob so thiab pw nrog nws.
3. Siv kom txaus
Tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tsis yog tsuas yog siv xwb, tab sis yuav tsum muaj qee yam thiaj li ua tau zoo. Feem ntau, cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas siv rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog 2 mg rau ib square centimeter kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau los tiv thaiv hnub. Yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov nqi SPF tsis tuaj yeem khaws cia. Kev siv ob txheej tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub SPF10 tsuas yog muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li ib txheej SPF10 xwb.
4. Tsis txhob sib xyaw cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub los ntawm ntau hom sib txawv
Kev siv sib xyaw ua ke yuav ua rau daim tawv nqaij khaus. Cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub ntawm ntau hom tsis sib xws. Yog tias lawv sib xyaw thiab sib tshooj rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, cov khoom xyaw yuav cuam tshuam lossis tsis suav nrog ib leeg, txo cov nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub, thiab txawm tias ua rau daim tawv nqaij ua xua.
5. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev txuag nyiaj
Cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub yuav tsis zoo yog tias raug cua sov lossis tshav ntuj ncaj qha ntev. Tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas puas lawm vim nws tsis yog tsuas yog txo qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub xwb tab sis kuj tseem yuav ua rau khaus tawv nqaij.
6. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov chaw tiv thaiv hnub uas tsis pom kev
Thaum siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub ib txwm, koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas daim tawv nqaij ntawm koj ob lub qhov muag thiab daim di ncauj. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tsis muaj lus qhia, lossis yog tias koj siv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub rau qhov muag, tsis txhob siv rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij ncig lub qhov muag.
Cov tawv nqaij sib txawv, cov kev yuav khoom sib txawv
Thaum lub caij ntuj sov, cov qauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij yuav hloov pauv vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov roj tso tawm. Yog li ntawd, tib neeg yuav tsum ua qhov kev kuaj tawv nqaij kom raug dua ua ntej yuav. Cov tawv nqaij uas muaj roj ntau yuav tsum xaiv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas muaj dej thiab nkag mus tau zoo; cov tawv nqaij qhuav yuav tsum xaiv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas muaj mis nyuj; feem ntau tsis muaj kev cai nruj rau cov tawv nqaij nruab nrab, thiab cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas muaj mis nyuj haum rau txhua hom tawv nqaij. Cov tawv nqaij sib txawv yuav tsum xaiv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub sib txawv.
Cov tawv nqaij roj:
Koj yuav tsum xaiv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas muaj dej thiab tsis muaj roj, thiab muaj zog nkag mus rau hauv daim tawv nqaij tau zoo, uas ua rau koj tshiab thiab tsis rog thaum siv thiab tsis ua rau cov qhov hws txhaws. Tsis txhob siv roj pleev thaiv hnub, thiab siv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas siv tau zoo nrog kev ceev faj.
Cov tawv nqaij uas muaj pob txuv:
Xaiv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas muaj dej thiab tsis muaj roj uas nkag mus rau hauv daim tawv nqaij tau zoo heev. Thaum koj pob txuv hnyav heev, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub lawm, thiab koj tsuas siv tau cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub thaum koj tawm mus xwb.
Daim tawv nqaij qhuav:
Cov neeg uas muaj daim tawv nqaij qhuav yuav tsum xaiv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas ua rau daim tawv nqaij noo thiab muaj cov txiaj ntsig ntxiv rau kev noo noo thiab ua rau daim tawv nqaij tiv thaiv kab mob zoo dua. Ntau cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub muaj cov txiaj ntsig ntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv lub hnub.
Cov tawv nqaij rhiab heev:
Rau cov tawv nqaij rhiab heev, nws raug nquahu kom xaiv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas tsim tshwj xeeb rau cov tawv nqaij rhiab heev lossis cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas siv tau tiag tiag.
SPF
Niaj hnub nim no, txhua yam khoom siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub muaj daim ntawv lo SPF. SPF thiab cov lej hauv qab no qhia txog qhov tiv thaiv hnub uas cov khoom muaj. Cov neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem hloov tus nqi SPF ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas lawv xav tau yuav los ntawm lawv tus kheej. Cov neeg feem coob yuav saib tus nqi SPF ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub. SPF yog lus Askiv luv ntawm SUN proteetion Factor. Qhov no qhia tau tias cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub siab lossis qis npaum li cas hauv kev tiv thaiv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub. SPF parameter: SPF = qhov tsawg kawg nkaus erythema koob tshuaj (tom qab siv cov khoom siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub)) / qhov tsawg kawg nkaus erythema koob tshuaj (ua ntej siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub).
Piv txwv li, yog tias koj daim tawv nqaij muaj qhov erythema tsawg kawg yog 15 feeb, yog tias koj siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub nrog SPF 4, koj tuaj yeem nyob hauv lub hnub ntev li 4 npaug, uas yog 60 feeb. Tom qab 60 feeb, koj daim tawv nqaij yuav tig liab. Yog tias koj siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub SPF8, koj tuaj yeem nyob hauv lub hnub rau 8 zaug uas yog 120 feeb, thiab lwm yam.
Feem ntau hais lus, qhov SPF index siab dua, qhov kev tiv thaiv ntau dua nws muab. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ib txwm muaj, cov neeg uas muaj hom tawv nqaij ib txwm yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub nrog SPF 8 txog 12; cov neeg uas muaj tawv nqaij dawb yuav tsum siv SPF 30; cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem photosensitivity yuav tsum xaiv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub nrog SPF tus nqi ntawm 12 thiab 20. Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv chaw ua haujlwm tsuas yog kov lub hnub thaum lawv mus thiab los ntawm kev tawm haujlwm, yog li SPF yuav tsum qis dua 15. Rau cov neeg ncig tebchaws uas koom nrog kev ua ub no sab nraum zoov, nws raug pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub nrog SPF20 lossis li ntawd. Thaum ua si hauv qab lub hnub kub ntawm lub tiaj tiaj lossis ua luam dej ntawm ntug hiav txwv dej, koj yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub SPF30. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom xaiv cov khoom siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tiv thaiv dej thaum ua luam dej sab nraum zoov, tab sis tshwj tsis yog ua luam dej, cov khoom siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tiv thaiv dej yuav tsum siv tsawg.
Cov kev ceev faj thaum yuav khoom
1. Kev kuaj tawv nqaij
Ua ntej yuav tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub, yuav tsum kuaj daim tawv nqaij kom meej. Cov tawv nqaij uas muaj roj ntau yuav tsum xaiv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas muaj dej thiab nkag tau zoo; cov tawv nqaij qhuav yuav tsum xaiv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas muaj mis nyuj; cov tawv nqaij nruab nrab feem ntau tsis muaj kev cai nruj heev, thiab cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas muaj mis nyuj emulsion haum rau txhua hom tawv nqaij.
2. Xam tus nqi SPF
Feem ntau hais lus, qhov SPF index siab dua, lub sijhawm tiv thaiv ntev dua.
3. Nkag siab txog cov pawg uas tsim nyog rau cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub sib txawv
Cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub sib txawv yog tsim rau cov neeg sib txawv. Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws yog sim lawv rau sab hauv ntawm koj lub dab teg ua ntej yuav. Yog tias daim tawv nqaij liab, o, mob, lossis khaus hauv 10 feeb, nws txhais tau tias koj muaj kev tsis haum rau cov khoom. Koj tuaj yeem sim cov khoom uas muaj SPF qis dua qhov no ib zaug. Yog tias tseem muaj kev tsis haum, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom tso tseg hom tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub ntawd.
4. Kev kuaj xyuas daim tawv nqaij zoo
Vim muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov roj uas tawm los, qhov zoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij yuav hloov pauv, yog li yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov zoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Cov tawv nqaij uas muaj roj ntau yuav tsum xaiv cov tshuaj ntxuav ua npuas ncauj uas muaj zog ntxuav tau zoo thiab cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas muaj dej nkag tau zoo; cov tawv nqaij qhuav yuav tsum xaiv cov tshuaj ntxuav mis nyuj thiab cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas muaj mis nyuj; cov tawv nqaij nruab nrab muaj ntau yam kev xaiv. Cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub thiab tshuaj tsuag yog qhov tsim nyog rau txhua hom tawv nqaij.